建筑工程施工现场疏散路径优化模型

针对多工种交叉作业频繁、环境时常变化、场地狭窄、明火作业多的建筑工程施工现场，本研究以疏散时间为目标函数建立其人员疏散时间模型，基于疏散时间模型以疏散时间最短为目的提出疏散路径优化模型，并利用修正的 迪杰斯特拉（Dijkstra）算法求解模型，同时结合BIM(building information model)4D模型和Anylogic软件以及某在建楼房案例对模型进行仿真模拟验证分析。由仿真模拟结果可知，疏散时间模型计算出的疏散时长与模拟疏散时长吻合度较高，使用经优化后的疏散路径疏散，能够在一定程度上较大幅度节约紧急情况下建筑工程施工现场劳务人员的疏散时间，提高施工阶段的安全管理效率，且在一定疏散人数范围内，优化程度随疏散人数增加而增长。

Optimization model of evacuation route in construction site

Aiming at the construction sites of construction projects with frequent crossover operations of multiple types of work, frequent changes in the environment, narrow sites, and many open fire operations, this study uses the evacuation time as the objective function to establish its personnel evacuation time model. Path optimization model, and use the modified Dijkstra (Dijkstra) algorithm to solve the model, and at the same time combined with BIM4D(building information model-4D) and Anylogic software and a building under construction to carry out simulation verification and analysis of the model. It can be seen from the simulation results that the evacuation time calculated by the evacuation time model is in good agreement with the simulated evacuation time. Using the optimized evacuation path to evacuate can greatly save labor on the construction site in emergency situations to a certain extent. The evacuation time can be shortened to improve the safety management efficiency during the construction stage, and within a certain range of evacuated people, the optimization degree increases with the increase of evacuated people.