非煤系地层隧道围岩有害气体形成机制

大量在建和拟建隧道面临非煤系地层有害气体的挑战，厘清非煤系地层隧道围岩有害气体形成机制是解决该问题的基础。基于此，综述了我国非煤系地层隧道围岩有害气体形成机制研究的最新进展，总结了非煤系地层有害气体主要类型，探讨了地质条件对于有害气体形成的影响机理，分析了有害气体的孕育机制，展望了非煤系地层隧道有害气体问题的研究方向。研究表明：非煤系地层隧道有害气体大体可按照成因分为构造连通型、围岩变质型和综合成因型；大型断裂、褶皱及深部循环的水热型高温导热带等地质构造对非煤系地层隧道围岩有害气体的形成、赋存和溢出起到关键作用；CH4、H2S和CO2等的来源相似，但物理化学性质的差异导致其形成机制不同；复杂地质构造、复合组分隧道围岩有害气体的孕育及运移模式、固-液-热-力多场耦合机制等方面值得进一步研究。研究对于非煤系地层隧道围岩有害气体防治的实践和研究具有积极意义。

Study on the formation mechanism of harmful gas in the tunnel surrounding rock of non-coal stratum

A large number of tunnels under construction and proposed to be constructed face the challenge of hazardous gases from non-coal strata, and clarifying the formation mechanism of hazardous gases in non-coal strata tunnels is the basis for solving this problem. Based on this, the latest progress of the research on the formation mechanism of noxious gases in non-coal strata tunnels in China is reviewed, the main types of noxious gases in non-coal strata are summarized, the influence mechanism of geological conditions on the formation of noxious gases is discussed, the breeding mechanism of noxious gases is analyzed, and the research direction of noxious gases in non-coal strata tunnels is prospected. The study shows that: non-coal stratigraphic tunnels can be broadly classified into tectonically connected, peritectic metamorphic and integrated types according to their genesis; geological formations such as large fractures, folds and deep circulating hydrothermal high-temperature conductive zones play a key role in the formation, storage and spillage of harmful gases in the peritectic rocks of non-coal stratigraphic tunnels; the sources of CH4, H2S and CO2 are similar, but the differences in their physicochemical properties lead to different mechanisms of their The formation mechanisms of CH4, H2S and CO2 are different due to their different physicochemical properties; the complex geological formations, the breeding and transport modes of hazardous gases in tunnel enclosures of composite components, and the coupling mechanisms of solid-liquid-thermal-force are worth further study. The study has positive implications for the practice and research on the prevention and control of harmful gases in tunnel enclosures of non-coal strata.