无线传感器网络的能量平衡路由

针对现有无线传感器网络中路由协议产生“热点区域”问题，提出了一种能量平衡的路径选择算法．该算法通过平衡最小化传输能量路由和最大化最小节点剩余能量路由，以达到网络能耗均匀分布．在定向扩散协议（DD）的基础上，设计了能量平衡的路由协议（EBDD），该协议在路径探测消息中通过增加新字段来记录途经节点的剩余能量信息，并利用标签交换方法建立通往数据源的路径．sink节点采用所提算法选择路径，并通过标签交换把路径增强消息路由到数据源，其目的是对随后将要传送数据的路径进行确认．仿真实验表明，EBDD在能量均衡方面明显优于DD，当相关参数设定为2时，采用EBDD的网络寿命比采用DD的延长5％．

Energy Balance Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

An energy balance path selecting algorithm was proposed in order to avoid local "hotspots" which may be formed by many existing routing protocols used in wireless sensor networks.This algorithm tries to strike a balance between the minimum transmission energy routing and the max-min residual energy routing,so as to achieve the uniform distribution of energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.Furthermore,an energy balance routing protocol(EBDD) based on directed diffusion(DD) was designed,in which some new fields are added to the exploratory message to record the residual energy of the nodes passing the path and the label switching method is used to build the paths that lead to the data sources.After choosing a path by the proposed algorithm,the sink node route the reinforcement message to the source by label switching,and to confirm the path transmitting the subsequent data.Simulation results show that EBDD outperforms DD in uniform energy utilization and the longevity of the sensor networks using EBDD is prolonged by about 5% when the correlative parameter is set to 2.