葡萄糖基双子表面活性剂的制备与表征

以葡萄糖和烷基胺(正辛胺、十二胺、十六胺)为原料制备了一系列不同链长的糖基双子表面活性剂,以傅里叶红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱表征了产物的结构.采用悬滴法和改进的Ross-Miles法对产物的表面张力、起泡性能进行了测试.结果表明,糖基双子表面活性剂可以将表面张力降低到33.0³8.6 mN/m,其临界胶束浓度在0.0738.6 mN/m,其临界胶束浓度在0.07⁰.45 mmol/L范围内;同时,产物(A)和(B)具有良好的起泡性和稳泡性.这说明具有独特二聚结构的糖基双子表面活性剂有着更高的降低表面张力的能力和效率,表现出比传统线性表面活性剂优越的表面活性.

Preparation and Characterization of Glucose-Based Gemini Surfactants

A series of sugar-based Gemini surfactants with different chain lengths are synthesized by using D-glu- cose and n-alkylamine （n-octylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecyl-amine ） as starting materials. Their chemical structures are characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） and proton nuclear magnetic resonance （ 1 H NMR）. The surface tension and foaming properties of the products are respectively measured by pendant drop method and improved Ross-Miles method, respectively. The results indicate that sugar-based Gemini surfactants can reduce the surface tension down to 33.0 - 38.6 mN/m, and their critical micelle concentrations are in the range of 0.07 -0. 45 mmol/L. Meanwhile, the product （A） and （B） exhibit favorable foaming property and foam stability. It is also shown that sugar-based Gemini surfactants with special dimeric structures possess greater ability and efficiency to reduce surface tension, and exhibite better surface activities than conventional linear surfactants.