贵州野生兰科植物地理分布研究

贵州有野生兰科植物76属268种,其中紫茎兰属Risleya、馥兰属Phyreatia等2属及紫茎兰Risleya atropurpurea、套叶馥兰Phyreatia evrardii、长距虾脊兰Calanthe masuca、裂距虾脊兰C.trifida、短序隔距兰Cleisostoma brevipes、长叶兰Cymbidiumerythraecum、马齿毛兰Eria szetschuanica、二叶兜被兰Neottianthe cucullata、丛生羊耳蒜Lipatis caespitosa、二褶羊耳蒜L.cathcartii、粗花茎鸢尾兰Oberonia integerrima、小叶鸢尾兰O.japonica等12种为贵州新记录。在省内自然分布不均,多数种类分布于自然保护区,其中兴义坡岗保护区102种居前,茂兰保护区87种,雷公山86种,梵净山71种。以生长母岩和土壤pH值划分,喜钙种类有157种,酸性土种类有76种,对土壤要求不甚严格种类有35种。按行政区划分黔西南州166种为第一位;黔南州136种居第二;黔东南州以88种排列第三;后面依次为铜仁地区76种,贵阳市67种,遵义市66种,安顺市56种,毕节地区45种,六盘水市37种。

Study on Geographical Distribution of Wild Orchidaceae in Guizhou

There are 76 genera and 268 species of wild Orchidaceae in Guizhou. Among them, the new records in Guizhou province have two genera of Risleya and Phyreatia, and Risleya atropurpurea,Phyreatia evrardii, Calanthe masuca, C. trifida, Cleizostoma brevipes , Cymbidium erythraecum, Eria szetschuanica, Neottianthe cucullata, Lipatis caespitosa ,L. cathcartii, Oberonia integerrima and O. japonica. Most species distribute naturally in some nature reserves, 102 species in Pogang reserves of Xingyi, 87 species in Maolan reserves, 86 species in Mt Leigong and 71 in Mt. Fanjing. Combining parent rock with soil pH, 157 species are calciphile,76 species are acidness,35 species are not strict with types of soil. According to the administrative region division, the first is Qianxinan prefecture （166 species） , the second is Qiannan prefecture （136 species）,the third is Qiandongnan prefecture （88 species） , 76 species in Tongren region, 67 species in Guiyang,66 species in Zunyi, 56 species in Anshun, 45 species in Bijie, and 37 species in Liupanshui.