信息共享视角下供应链信息系统价值创造机制

针对供应链信息共享问题中规范研究和实证研究关于信息系统有无价值的冲突性结论,为从理论上厘清和明晰信息系统的价值,本文放松了传统模型中供应链信息共享无成本和共享完美信息的假设,既考虑供应链信息共享的成本,又考虑共享信息准确性和及时性存在的程度差异,构建供应链最优库存模型. 通过比较供应链有无信息系统时信息准确性与及时性的交互作用及其特征,以及不同情况下供应链库存成本的高低,本文研究发现: 信息的准确性和及时性正向影响信息共享的价值,其中准确性的作用更大; 供应链信息系统价值创造的机理在于同步提升共享信息的准确性和及时性; 供应链信息系统建设投资并非越多越好,而是部分取决于现有的信息共享成本和信息质量状况. 最后,算例仿真表明信息系统可以显著提升信息共享的效率,降低库存成本,带来更多价值. 本文结论适用于最终产品需求在时间序列上正向相关的情境.

The mechanism of value creation by supply chain information systems: A perspective of information sharing

Findings derived from analytical models seriously contradict the ones justified in empirical studies, leading a huge confusion on the value of information systems in the context of supply chain information sharing. To elaborate and extract the value of information systems, we constructed an operational model on supply chain inventory decision-making involving the costs of information sharing together with the accuracy and the timeliness of shared information. We first analyzed the effect and feature of the interaction of information accuracy and timeliness, then compared the inventory cost under system situation with the one under non-system situation. We found that: the accuracy and timeliness positively influence the value of information sharing practice. The impact of accuracy is bigger; the mechanism of value creation of supply chain information systems lies in achieving accuracy and timeliness simultaneously; the investment in information system is not the more the better, and it depends on the current information quality of the firm. An additional simulation showed that the implementation of information systems could improve the efficiency of information sharing and reduce the inventory cost. Our findings could hold in the context where product orders are positively correlated in a time series.