基于SWMM模拟的快速城市化地区洪峰径流和非点源污染控制研究

为避免城市内涝、控制非点源污染, 利用现场监测和模型模拟的方法研究快速城市化地区非点源污染的特征和控制。采用SWMM模型(Storm Water Management Model)模拟研究区的暴雨径流过程和非点源污 染负荷, 分析对比下垫面加入LID (low impact development)和BMPs (best management practices)措施的控制效果。结果表明, LID作为一种离散型城市降雨径流控制装置, 可以有效地减小研究区的径流系数、洪峰流量和非点源污染物负荷。BMPs工程性措施(不透水调蓄池)对研究区的洪峰流量和非点源污染物负荷也有较好的控制效果, 但是对径流总量没有影响。在研究区联合使用这两种措施, 可以更大程度地减小洪峰流量和非点源污染物负荷, 同时减小径流系数。

Control Studies of Peak Flow and Non-point Source Pollution for Urbanized Area Based on SWMM

To avoid urban waterlogging and control non-point source pollution, the characters and controls of non-point source pollution for urbanized area by field monitoring and simulating with SWMM were studied, and the effect with LID or BMPs in impermeable area was assessed. Results show that, as a discrete control device for rainfall runoff, LID could decrease the runoff coefficient, peak flow and non-point source pollution effectively. BMPs also could decrease peak flow and non-point source pollution for area studied but it had no effect on runoff volume control. Finally, it could decrease peak flow and non-point source pollution more efficient with the two measures combined utilization and minish the runoff coefficient at the same time.