U形渠道水跃的试验研究

从理论上推导了Ｕ形渠道的水跃方程。通过模型试验研究了Ｕ形渠道水跃的水流流态和流速分布，测量了跃前、跃后水深和水跃长度，提出了共轭水深、水跃长度和水跃消能率的计算公式。研究表明，Ｕ形渠道的水跃有良好的消能效果，其消能作用优于矩形渠道和梯形渠道，接近于三角形渠道。

An Experimental Study of U-Shaped Channel Jump

An equation for the U shaped channel jump is deduced in theory. The flow patterns and velocity distribution in the U shaped channel are studied through model tests. Also, the water depth before and after the jump and the length of water jump are measured, on the basis of which an equation for calculating the conjugative depths of water jumps and efficiency of energy dissipation by jump water is presented. The study indicates that water jump in the U shaped channel has good effect upon energy dissipation, whose energy dissipation is superior to that by the rectangle channel and the trapezoidal channel, approaching the triangle channel.