大学生无偿献血意识和行为现况调查分析

目的：为了解大学生对无偿献血的认识和态度,探索适合大学生无偿献血知识宣传的模式及健康教育方法。方法：采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,随机抽取大理学院在校的1143名大学生作为研究对象,采用自编的统一问卷进行现场调查。结果：调查显示大学生献血率为36.05%,其中男生献血率占42.86%,女生献血率占32.59%,男女生献血率有显著性差异（χ^2=11.685,P〈0.01）。大学生对献血知识的认知程度与心理因素是影响其无偿献血行为的主要原因,男生最主要的无偿献血动机是认为献血光荣,女生的动机是帮助灾难受害者,有显著性差异（χ^2=78.441,P〈0.01）。男生未献血的主要原因是担心献血会感染疾病,女生则是以自己实际因素不符合为主要原因,有显著性差异（χ^2=50.702,P〈0.01）。结论：大学生是无偿献血的主力军,加强献血知识的宣传力度,有针对性地消除男女生对献血的错误认识,能更好地保证无偿献血工作的可持续发展。

An Investigation and Analysis of Non-remunerated Blood Donation Awareness and Behavior among University Students

Objective: To know about the university students' awareness of and attitude toward,non-remunerated blood donation which can help to promote the work of non-remunerated blood donation.Methods: Stratified cluster sampling method was applied to the 1 143 students collected in Dali University as participants in the survey by questionnaire,which includes general knowledge of blood donation and information of students.Results: Blood donation rate was 36.05 %;the rate of boys was 42.86% and the rate of girls was 3...