试论北朝时期霜雪冻等低温灾害发生的特点

北方地区低温灾害的发生具有较明显的集中时段和间歇时段;不同种类的低温灾害具有不同的高发季节,霜灾的高发季节为夏、秋两季;雪灾的高发季节在春、冬两季;冻灾的高发季节为冬季。不同种类的低温灾害具有不同的高发地区,霜灾的高发区为并州、雍州、肆州、汾州、敦煌镇;按现今的行政区划统计,山西、内蒙古地区为相对高发区。雪灾的高发区为北魏京师平城和柔然地区;按现今的行政区划统计,山西、内蒙古地区为相对高发区。北魏的邺郡为冻灾的高发区;按现今的行政区划统计,河北地区为相对高发区。

On the Features of Microthermal Climate in the Northern Dynasties

The occurrence of microthermal climate in Northern China has the obvious centralized time interval and the intermittent time interval,and a different kind of it occurred in a different season,frost hazard occurred mostly in the summer and autumn;snowstorm mostly happened in the spring and winter;freeze injury occurred mostly in the winter.The regional distribution of the different kinds of microthermal climates varied from one place to another,frost hazard happened mostly in Bingzhou,Yongzhou,Sizhou,Fenzhou and Dunhuang town,which belonged to the present Shanxi,Inner Mongolia administration.Snowstorm likewise broke mostly in Pingcheng and Rouran also in the present Shanxi and Inner Mongolia.Ye prefecture was the freeze injury occurring frequently during the Beiwei regime,i.e.the present Hebei province.