化学法处理硫酸铅制备铅酸电池正极材料

 硫酸盐化是导致铅酸电池失效的原因之一,因此通过硫酸铅脱硫煅烧制备具有电化学活性的氧化铅具有重要意义.本文提出了一种把硫酸铅通过与碳酸铵反应和煅烧来转化为铅酸电池正极材料的方法.首先,反应得到的碳酸铅经过过滤,在350℃下煅烧得到具有电化学活性的氧化铅.随后对此法制备的样品与工厂生产电池所用的球磨铅粉分别进行了X射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜等分析,通过充放电性能测试得出制备的电极材料的容量高于工厂铅粉的结论,之后通过比较不同煅烧温度下的电性能来对制备样品的煅烧温度进行探讨并得出制备样品的最佳煅烧温度.在最佳条件下制备的氧化铅颗粒均匀,大小在200~300nm,作为铅酸电池正极材料,具有较高的放电比容量(放电倍率为0.5C时放电比容量为120mA·h/g),最后对充放电之后的样品进行了X射线粉末衍射分析.

Preparation of Positive Material in Lead-acid Battery by the Chemical Conversion of Lead Sulfate

Sulfation is one of important reasons for the failure of lead-acid batteries, therefore, lead sulfate desulfurization and calcination in order to prepare lead oxide with good electrochemical activity has important significance. A method to transform lead sulfate into lead oxide with the reaction of ammonium carbonate and calcination is introduced. At the first, lead carbonate is obtained in a synthesized solution, after filtration, it is calcined at the temperature of 350 ℃, therefore lead oxide with good electrochemical activity could be produced. The prepared sample and ball-milled sample are analyzed by X-Ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The charge and discharge performance test are carried out and result is obtained that the prepared sample has a higher capacity than factory sample. Finally, the calcination temperature for preparation of samples is compared with different temperatures in term of electrical properties, and the best calcination temperature to prepare samples is obtained. In optimum conditions, uniformed and homogeneous structured lead oxide powder with the particle size of 200~300 nm is prepared. The synthesized lead oxide, as positive of lead-acid batteries, shows a good discharge capacity; the capacity value is 120mAh/g at the discharge rate of 0.5C. Finally, the sample after discharge is analyzed by X-Ray powder diffraction.