国内外水下隧道修建技术发展动态及其对渤海海峡跨海通道建设的经验借鉴

基于对国内外越江、跨海通道的调查分析及对比，论述了国内外水下隧道修建技术的发展动态，及其对渤海海峡跨海通道建设的经验借鉴．从水下隧道的主要成就、施工方法及断面形式论述了国内外隧道的发展现状，比较分析了各种施工方法的特点及其水下隧道中的应用；从地质勘探、设计及施工三个方面分析了水下隧道的优越性、设计和修建的关键技术及应注意的相关问题；最后，就前期准备、工程理念、总体规划、方案及施工等方面，分析了一些对渤海海峡跨海通道建设值得考虑和借鉴的经验．渤海海峡跨海通道建设必须未雨绸缪、及早准备、详细勘探、周密安排，规划、设计应按照安全、可靠、适用、经济、先进的次序进行．

Current Construction Technologies Developments of Underwater tunnels and Its Experiences for Bohai Strait Tunnel

Based on investigating, searching and comparing for the passages across rivers and straits, some developments of construction technologies for underwater tunnels are discussed. The developments of underwater tunnels such as main achievements, construction methods and cross section types are introduced;characteristics of construction methods and their applications are also compared. Generalizing experiences and lessons of underwater tunnel in the world, the advantages of underwater tunnel are given. The difficulties, key technologies and remarkable issues in geologic survey, design and construction are analyzed in detail. Finally some valuable experiences for Bohai strait channel are summarized including prior preparing, engineering concepts, general planning, and design scheme and construction issues. The giant engineering must be thought ahead, prepared earlier, surveyed detailed and arranged well. The planning and design of the engineering should be carried out according to the sequence of safety, reliability, applicability, economic efficiency and advance.