粪菌移植体系

 粪菌移植作为重建肠道菌群的核心治疗策略，在世界医学史上由来已久。粪菌移植近年备受关注，已用于难辨梭状芽孢杆菌感染等多种菌群相关性疾病的治疗和探索性研究，但主因方法学局限的影响，其在全世界的应用并不理想。中华粪菌库作为非营利性粪菌库，重点通过建设粪菌移植体系，并作为特殊生物样本库面向全国提供临床救治服务。本文阐述粪菌移植的医学史、中华粪菌库所依赖的体系建设和粪菌移植的安全性、伦理、法规及未来发展方向。

Technology system of fecal microbiota transplantation

The fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as the core therapy strategy for remodeling the gut microbiota adopted generally for a long medical history, has gained a great attention in the world. Though it has been used as a guideline-approved treatment for the recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and a potential option for microbiota-related diseases, the FMT has not been used very well world widely mainly due to the methodology limitation. The fmtBank is a non-profit institute in China, with its core based on the technology system of the FMT. This paper mainly focuses on the medical history, the methodology system of the non-profit fmtBank, and the safety, the ethical problem, the policy and the future direction of the FMT.