青藏高原地区生态边坡抗冲刷试验研究

 为减少交通工程建设对青藏高原生态环境的影响，分析了青藏高原地区降雨特性，制定了3个地区的暴雨公式；用青藏高原典型土壤进行了裸土、纯草皮、三维网草皮的边坡冲刷试验，获得了两种草皮的抗冲刷流速，并与西安黄土的抗冲刷流速进行对照；考虑坡面微地形的影响，将坡面水流概化为抛物线形浅沟流，通过现场实测确定了相关参数；计算了西宁、玉树、拉萨、德令哈4个地区的边坡水流参数，并结合室内冲刷试验结果，提出适用于4个地区的生态边坡防护方案。

Experimental study on anti erosion of ecological slope in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

In order to decrease the impact of traffic engineering construction on the ecological environment of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we have worked out the rainstorm intensity formula of three cities through analysis of the rainstorm characteristics of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area. Slope erosion tests of pure turf and three dimensional mesh cushion grass are performed, respectively with typical soil of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Thus we have gained two kinds of turf scouring velocities, which are compared with that of Xi'an loess. Considering the influence of slope micro topography, the slope flow is generalized as parabolic shallow channeling, and the relevant parameters are determined through field measurement.. In addition, combind with indoor scouring test's results an ecological slope protection scheme for the four regions is proposed, with calculation of slope flow parameters of Xining, Yushu, Lhasa, Delingha.