上池下库循环,绿水青山常在——抽水蓄能技术应用与发展

 电力系统需要配置大容量的储能装置，补偿功率变化，适应新能源的大规模发展。更重要的是，近年来电力负荷率较低、负荷波动较大，需要对负荷进行调整。在电力系统中配置适当规模的抽水蓄能，是解决当前风电等新能源大规模发展对电网安全稳定影响问题的最佳选择。分析了抽水蓄能技术的基本原理和特性，阐述了抽水蓄能技术发展的新趋势。介绍了可变速抽水蓄能技术，探讨了双馈方式和全功率方式的整体结构，并提出了在不同模式下的控制策略，分析了新型特殊抽水蓄能电站的构成、技术挑战和解决方案。

Application and development of pumped storage technology

The large-scale development of renewable energy generation such as wind energy and solar energy has brought enormous pressure to the safety and stability of the power system. Power system is in urgent need to configure large capacity energy storage systems, compensate power change, and adapt to the large-scale development of new energy sources. More importantly, the demand for load adjustment has recently been very urgent because of low power load rate and fast power fluctuation. The best solution to the problem of safety and stability of power grid, caused by large-scale development of new energy such as wind power, is to install pumped storage station in an appropriate scale. This paper analyzes the pumped storage technology principle and characteristics, expounds the new trend of pumped storage technology development:the construction technology of extra high water head and high capacity; manufacturing technology of large capacity pump turbine; rotor AC excitation technology of variable speed pumped storage units and full size converter technology; the construction and operation technology of pumped storage station for coastal and alpine regions. This paper focuses on the variable speed pumped storage technology, presents the overall structure of the double feed mode and full size converter mode, and puts forward the control strategy in different modes. The composition, technical challenges and solutions of the new special pumped storage power station are also presented in this paper.