中国核能科技“三步走”发展战略的思考

 核能作为中国的战略产业，通过坚持创新驱动战略，正在不断转型升级。聚焦于发电方向，中国推出自主三代压水堆技术，在快堆、高温气冷堆等具备第四代特征的核电技术方向实现突破，作为核心成员参加国际ITER 计划并顺利推进采购包计划，为“热堆-快堆-聚变堆”三步走奠定了坚实的基础。本文在总结阶段性核能产业科技发展基础上，提出了“十三五”乃至更长时期，落实“三步走”战略的发展趋势和技术方向，特别是对如何实现“热堆-快堆”第二步跨越、实现“快堆和聚变”第三步跨越进行了思考，并展望了未来核能科技发展的前景。

The “three steps development strategy” of China nuclear power science and technology

As a strategic industry of China, the nuclear power industry follows an innovation-driven strategy and keeps on reforming and upgrading. By focusing on the power generation technology, China has developed a Generation-III pressurized water reactor technology independently and achieved breakthroughs in the fast reactor and the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor with the features of Generation- IV reactor technology. As a key member in the international ITER program, China has successfully promoted the Planning Package program and achieved the delivery plan, laying a solid foundation for the “thermal reactor-fast reactor and nuclear fusion” three-step strategy. On the basis of summarizing the development stages of nuclear power science and technology, this paper points out the development tendency and the technical direction for implementing the three-step strategy in the 13th Five Year Plan periods and, especially, how to realize the second step of “thermal reactor to fast reactor” and the third step of “fast reactor and nuclear fusion”. Finally, this paper gives a prospective for the future development of the nuclear power science and technology.