山东省大气环境污染时空特征及其原因分析

 利用大气例行监测数据，分析了2014年山东省大气污染进行时空特征。从空间看，淄博、济南、枣庄等是山东省大气污染最严重的城市，日照、青岛、威海等城市的污染最轻，东部沿海城市的污染程度明显轻于内陆城市；各地市SO₂的达标情况较好，超过50%，其余污染物的达标率均较低，PM_2.5甚至出现各地市均超标的现象。从时间看，污染物冬季浓度高夏季浓度低；PM₁₀和NO₂浓度在3月有小高峰；8月份，SO₂、NO₂浓度略有升高；从全年来看，NO₂污染物排放浓度变化不大。通过灰色关联法分析可知，能源消费与污染物空间分布相关性最大，风速与污染物时间分布相关性最大。

Analysis of the space-time characteristics and causes of the atmospheric pollution in Shandong Province

The atmospheric routine monitoring data are used to analyze the characteristics of air pollution in 2014 in Shandong Province. From the point of view of the spatial distribution, the air pollution in Zibo, Jinan, Zaozhuang is the most serious as compared with other cities, while Rizhao, Qingdao, Weihai and other cities are under the lightest pollution condition, the pollution degree of the eastern coastal cities is significantly lighter than that of the inland cities; the compliance with respect to SO₂ among various cities is greater than 50%, which is a bit better than those with respect to all other pollutants, whose compliance rates are relatively low, and the compliance rate of PM_2.5 of all cities do not satisfy the air quality standard. From the point of view of the time distribution, the concentration of pollutant concentration is high in winter and low in summer; the concentrations of PM₁₀ and NO₂ in March see a small peak; the concentrations of SO₂ and NO₂ increase slightly in August; as seen from the full year, the NO₂ pollutant emission concentration changes but little. This pollution situation is mainly related to the natural factors and the factors of human beings, with natural factors including the terrain, the climate, and the meteorology, and the factors of human beings including the policy, the supervision and management, the industrial emissions, the motor vehicle emissions, the resident living conditions and other factors. Through the gray correlation analysis, the correlation of the energy consumption is the largest with respect to the pollutant distribution, and the correlation of the wind speed is the largest with respect to the time distribution of pollutants.