金基纳米材料在传感领域中的研究进展

开发操作简单、成本低廉、准确可靠的检测手段对于食品安全、环境监测和临床诊断尤为重要。金基纳米材料因其独特的光学特性，在传感领域中应用广泛。目前金基纳米材料大多应用于可视化传感器的构建及应用，使用肉眼就可实现分析检测。但是依靠肉眼仅能用于定性或半定量分析，定量分析仍需借助大型仪器。因此以温度计为信号读出装置的光热传感在分析检测领域中成为新兴的研究热点，弥补了以肉眼为读出存在的问题。因此，本文综述了近几年基于金基纳米材料的可视化及光热传感在分析检测领域中的研究进展，并分析了该技术在实际应用中面临的一些问题，对未来的发展前景进行了展望。

Progress of gold-based nanomaterials in the field of sensing

The development of simple, low-cost, accurate and reliable detection methods is particularly important for food safety, environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis. Gold-based nanomaterials have adjustable plasmon resonance absorption peaks, so they have been widely used in the field of sensing. At present, gold-based nanomaterials are mostly used in the construction and application of visual sensors, and detection can be achieved with the naked eye. But relying on the naked eye can only be used for qualitative or semi-quantitative analysis, quantitative analysis still requires large-scale instruments. Therefore, the photothermal sensor with a thermometer as a signal readout device has become a new research hotspot in the field of analysis and detection, which makes up for the problem of using the naked eye as a readout. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress of visual and photothermal sensors based on gold nanomaterials in the field of analysis and detection in recent years, analyzes some problems faced in practical application and looks forward to the future development prospects.