简议中国古代行政中的任差制

任差制是中国古代官僚行政制度中的一个非常重要的现象,这一现象未能被深入研究。任差制补充了正式官制的不足,可是与正式官制相矛盾。任差制也有着提高行政机动性的特殊作用,也对正规官制有着侵蚀和瓦解的作用。社会政治、经济、文化的发展变化以及专制皇权的膨胀是任差制产生和发展的两大基本原因。

On the System of Appointment and Dispatch in Ancient China's Administration

In ancient China's bureautic system there is a practice of appointment and dispatch, which has never been thoroughly studied. This article outlines the appointment and dispatch of prime minister and other officials. This system, though making up for a deficiency of officials, is in conflict with formal officials. The system of appointment and dispatch on the one hand improves the flexibility of administration but on the other erode and divide the existing formal official system. The political, economic and cultural development and the expansion of despotic imperial power are the fundamental reasons for the emergence of this system.