喀斯特地下水库的基本原理及成库条件

喀斯特化岩体中存在着大小不等、形状各异的溶孔、溶隙、溶洞和管道构成的地下空间。在垂直水动力分带中,下部饱水带中的地下空间充满喀斯特地下水,而包气带中的地下空间中绝大部分是空气。兴建喀斯特地下水库就是选择合适的地段,修建地下坝或地表坝,拦截地下水,抬高地下水位,利用包气带中的地下空间或与之相通的地表洼地蓄水,形成地下水库。喀斯特地下水库是喀斯特区开发喀斯特水资源的有效方法之一。在一些特定的喀斯特自然环境下,它可能是唯一有效的方法。

The fundamental principle and forming condition of karst underground reservoir

There are a lot of solution holes, fissures, pipes and caves of di- fferent sizes and shapes existed in the karst rock mass to form under- ground space. In the vertical hydrodynamical zonation, the saturated zone is full of karst ground-water, while the aerated zone is full of air. Building up underground reservoir is that the space of the aerated zone and the surface depression connected with the underground space are used to retain water when an underground dam or surface dam is built up at convenient site to block groundwater and to raise the under- ground water level so as to form a underground reservoir. This is one of the most effective methods to develop karst water resources, and it may be an only effective method under the special natural environmen- tal condition.