广东省优秀游泳运动员冬训期生理生化监控研究

目的：监测广东省优秀游泳运动员冬训期生理生化监控指标，探索优秀游泳运动员冬训期间身体机能变化规律，为高强度大运动量训练期的训练监控提供科学参考依据，为青少年游泳运动员的科学训练抛砖引玉。方法：监测16名广东优秀男子游泳运动员和6名女子游泳运动员，在2013-2014年度冬训期间血红蛋白（HB）、肌酸激酶（CK）、血尿素（BUN）、血睾酮（T）的变化规律，使用SPSS软件包进行数据分析。结果：（1）运动员血液生化指标随着冬训训练量及训练强度的变化，出现相应的规律性改变，整体体现出机体对训练负荷的适应，我们发现生化指标也存在一定的局限性和滞后性，我们在分析生化指标变化规律的同时，还要注重运动员心率的变化情况，运动员的主观感受及教练员的经验观察结果综合评定。（2）血红蛋白（H B）、血睾酮（T）能够及时对训练量、训练强度的变化做出反映，肌酸激酶（C K）对训练强度敏感性极高、血尿素（BUN）对训练量敏感度较高。表明这4个指标在一定条件下能够对运动员运动量，运动强度及机能状态进行科学客观的反映，对于青少年运动员的训练监控具有重要的指导意义。

Research on Physiological and Biochemical Monitoring of Guangdong Elite swimming Athletes during Winter Training

Purpose：To investigate the monitoring methods of sport physiology and biochemical index in elite swimming athletes during winter training. Methods： 16 elite male swimming athletes and 6 elite female swimming athletes were summoned in the winter training to have a longitude observation and data accumulation. Hemoglobin, blood urea, creatine kinase, and testosterone were assayed to monitor and evaluate the training adaptation during the winter training. Allthe data were collected and analyzed by SPSS. Results：（1）athletes blood biochemical indexes as the change of winter training volume and training intensity, a corresponding change regularity, overall reflect the body of the training load, we find that the biochemical indicators also has certain limitation and hysteresis, we at the same time, the analysis of the biochemical index change rule and pay attention to the changes of athlete’s heart rate, the athletes’subjective feeling and experience observations in comprehensive evaluation of the coaches.（2）the hemoglobin （HB）, blood testosterone （T） in a timely manner to reflect to the change of volume and training intensity,creatine kinase （CK） very high sensitivity to the training intensity, blood urea （BUN） sensitivity to volume is higher. Show that the four index under certain conditions can exercise of athletes, the exercise intensity and functional status of scientific and objective reflect, for young athletes training monitoring has important guiding significance.