多菌灵对新疆灰漠土壤中六种酶活性的影响

采用室内模拟的方法研究5种浓度多菌灵（0、2．5、5．0、10．0和20．0mg·kg^-1干土）对土壤中纤维素酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、蛋白酶活性的影响。结果表明：土壤纤维素酶活性随多菌灵浓度的增加（2．5～20．0mg·kg^-1）而升高；多菌灵对脲酶也有显著的激活作用，其中10mg·kg^-1多菌灵处理对脲酶的激活率最高。多菌灵对土壤碱性磷酸酶和蛋白酶活性的影响随多菌灵处理浓度和时间变化而变化。多菌灵处理5d内，土壤蔗糖酶活性显著降低，且抑制率与多菌灵浓度呈正相关，土壤过氧化氢酶活性受多菌灵抑制作用显著，尤其是在多菌灵处理26d以后，土壤过氧化氢酶活性随多菌灵浓度的增加显著降低。因此，可以用蔗糖酶活性来评价多菌灵施用后1～5d在土壤中的残留情况，以过氧化氢酶活性来评价多菌灵施用后26～47d在土壤中的残留情况。

Effects of Carbendazim on Six Enzyme Activities of Grey Desert Soil in Xinjiang

Effects of Carbendazim at five concentrations （2.5,5.0,10.0 and 20.0mg·kg^-1 dry soil） on enzyme activities of cellulase, sucrase, urease, alkaline phosphatase,catalase and protease in grey desert soil were investigated with pot experiments under greenhouse conditions. The activity of cellulase was increased with Carbendazim con-centration increasing from 2.5 to 20.0mg·kg^-1. Urease activity was promoted by carbendazim during the experiment stage and the higest of activation rate for urease was found in 10.0mg·kg^-1 treatment. Alkaline phosphatase and protease activities were different depending on the time and concerntions of Carbendazim applicated. Sucrase activity was decreased significantly with Carbendazim concentration increasing after Carbendazim applicated in soil 1 -5d. Catalase activity was also inhibited by Carbendazim, especially after Carbendazim applicated in soil 26d. Those results sugested that carbendazim residue in soil can be evaluated by soil sucrase activity after carbendazim applicated in soil 1 -5d and soil catalase activity for 26 -47d.