天津市居民分拣生活垃圾中有害物的调查分析——以聚氯乙烯废弃物为例

聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑料是一种经常被忽略的环境有害物,尤其在垃圾焚烧时是生成二噁英的主要反应剂。针对聚氯乙烯废弃物的分拣、回收处理和再利用问题,对天津市垃圾分类试点社区和部分垃圾混投社区的不同年龄段居民,以及固废的管理、回收、处理等机构进行调研。结果表明约3/5的居民具有分拣与回收聚氯乙烯等有害物的环保意识和意愿,另有约1/3的居民愿意有条件地实施。传统的废品回收系统和90%以上的居民分拣回收固废的习惯是进行PVC废弃物回收的良好基础。受访的中学生群体显示了较高的环保意愿和一定的环保知识,在中国国情下是承担环境科学知识宣传和推动聚氯乙烯废弃物回收的最佳群体。

Investigation and Analysis on Sorting of Noxious Substances from Household Refuses by Residents in Tianjin： An Example of PVC Wastes

Polyvinyl chloride （PVC）is the major reagent for dioxins while burning wastes, but most people are not aware that it is an environmental hazardous material. An investigation was carried out on themes of PVC wastes sorting, recycling and processing and reclamation among residents in different age groups in communities both with and without garbage classification, as well as organizations in charge of solid wastes management, recycling and disposal in Tianjin. Results show that some 3/5 residents have the environmental awareness or willingness of sorting and recycling environmental hazardous materials such as PVC and around 1/3 are willing to do the sorting or recycling under certain conditions. Traditional waste recycling systems and the habit of sorting and reclamation solid wastes of residents （accounting for 90%） make a good foundation for PVC recycling. Moreover, high school students are shown with higher environmental protection awareness and certain knowledge and are believed to be the optimal group for the popularization of environmental protection knowledge and the promotion of PVC wastes recycling.