螺旋桨飞机滑流对全机气动特性影响的试验研究

为准确分析螺旋桨飞机有动力状态下的飞行性能和操纵品质,需要得到螺旋桨动力系统,特别是滑流对全机气动特性的影响量。采用一种"小天平+主天平"的多天平测量技术,可以分别测量得到螺旋桨的直接力和全机的气动力数据,进而得到比较准确的纯滑流对全机气动特性的影响量。通过螺旋桨飞机的带动力测力风洞试验研究表明:滑流会引起全机的升力系数、阻力系数,以及俯仰力矩系数相比无动力状态有所增加,升力系数和阻力系数增量随迎角大致呈二次曲线规律递增,俯仰力矩系数增量变化趋势与飞机所在迎角关系较大。滑流对横航向气动特性影响是降低了全机横向力导数以及横、航向静稳定性,并可能引起零侧滑下的全机的不对称横、航向力矩产生。

The experimental investigation of slipstream effect on propeller-driven airplane

The slipstream effect is absolutely necessary for evaluating the flight performance and control quality of a propeller-driven airplane. A multicomponent balance test method is used to find the aerodynamic characteristic of the propeller and the airplane model respectively, and the slipstream effect in addition. The wind tunnel test results show that slipstream effect induce a higher lift ,drag and pitching moment on airplane , meanwhile, the lift and drag increment induced by slipstream alter with the angle of attack in a conic curve, while the pitching moment increment depend on the angle of attack considerably. on the other hand, the slide force derivative, static yaw and roll stability all reduce in some sort. the slipstream effect would also bring an unbalance aerodynamic moment at 0 angle of sideslip for some propeller power settings.