铜基和钯基催化剂对甲醇加热裂解规律的影响

采用电加热装置加热甲醇，在 Cu/ZnO/Al2O3（铜基）和纯金属 Pd（钯基）两种催化剂作用下发生裂解反应，通过气相色谱仪对甲醇裂解产物进行分析研究．测量发现，甲醇经过加热催化后其气体的主要成分是 H2、CO、CH4、水蒸气和甲醇蒸汽．对其研究表明：H2体积分数峰值出现在铜基催化剂的高环境温度区域，而钯基催化剂明显有两个温度区域，分别是300,℃和500,℃的温度区域；CO 和 CH4的体积分数在所有的测试点都比较低，均小于3.0%；水蒸气体积分数在铜基催化剂下当环境温度250,℃时最大，最大值接近38%；而钯基催化剂下峰值出现在350,℃，接近17%；甲醇裂解率峰值出现在铜基催化剂的高环境温度区域，在钯基催化剂下则有两个温度区域，分别是300,℃和500,℃；催化前入口温度和催化后出口温度都随甲醇流量的增加而降低．

Effect of Copper-Based and Palladium-Based Catalysts on Decomposition of Heated Methanol

Methanol was heated by the electric heating device and then decomposed by two types of catalysts, Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 （copper-based） and Pd （palladium-based）, respectively. The decomposed components of methanol were measured and analyzed by gas chromatography. Measuring results show that the main components from heated methanol are H2, CO, CH4, water vapor and methanol vapor as well. The results also show that the H2 volume fraction peak by the copper-based catalyst occurs in high ambient temperature area while there are two H2 volume fraction peaks by the palladium-based catalyst, which occur obviously at the ambient temperature of 300℃and 500℃, re-spectively;the volume fraction of CO and CH4 is relatively low all the time, which is less than 3.0%;the highest vol-ume fraction of water vapor by copper-based catalyst occurs when the ambient temperature is 250℃, which is nearly 38%;the highest volume fraction of water vapor by the palladium-based catalyst occurs at 350℃, which is close to 17%. The peak of decomposed rate by copper-based catalyst occurs in high ambient temperature region, however, that by palladium-based catalyst occurs obviously in two areas, where the ambient temperature is 300℃and 500℃, re-spectively. Catalytic inlet temperature and catalytic outlet temperature both decrease with the increase of methanol mass flow.