| 不同农地利用方式下地表径流中氮的输出特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱继业,高超,朱建国,宝川靖和.不同农地利用方式下地表径流中氮的输出特征[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),2006,42(6):621-627. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱继业 高超 朱建国 宝川靖和 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京大学城市与资源学系，南京大学城市与资源学系，土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室，日本国际农林水产业研究中心 南京210093，南京210093，土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室，南京210008，南京210008，筑波305-8686日本 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划);国家重点实验室基金;日本国际农林水产业研究中心资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 选取太湖流域典型小流域,通过长期观测,研究了自然降雨过程引起不同农地利用方式下的地表径流氮流失特征.坡地上玉米—油菜轮作和蔬菜种植条件下氮的流失途径主要为土壤侵蚀,两种利用方式下的土壤侵蚀和径流氮流失都大大高于竹园和板栗园.土壤侵蚀和氮流失主要发生在6~9月降雨集中分布的梅雨和台风季节.稻田水旱轮作条件下,氮主要随农田排水流失,降雨时间和施肥等农事活动的间隔长短在很大程度上决定了氮的年流失量,3次最大的流失事件中氮的流失量可达到全年氮流失的70%以上,总体上稻田水旱轮作方式下氮的径流输出低于坡地旱地.
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| 关 键 词： | 农业非点源污染 土地利用方式 径流小区 地表径流 养分流失 |
| 收稿时间： | 03 5 2006 12:00AM |
Nitrogen Exports via Overland Runoff under Different Land Uses and Their Seasonal Pattern |
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| Zhu Ji-Ye,Gao Chao,Zhu Jian-Guo,Yasukazu HOSEN.Nitrogen Exports via Overland Runoff under Different Land Uses and Their Seasonal Pattern[J].Journal of Nanjing University: Nat Sci Ed,2006,42(6):621-627. |
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| Authors: | Zhu Ji-Ye Gao Chao Zhu Jian-Guo Yasukazu HOSEN |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing, 210008, China; 3. Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science, Tsukuba, 305 8686, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Sediment and phosphorus losses via overland runoff from erosion plots under different land uses were studied in an agricultural watershed in the Taihu Lake area in eastern China.Much higher runoff,sediment and phosphorus losses were observed under corn/rapeseed rotation and vegetable fields than that under chestnut orchard and bamboo forest.Sediment attached phosphorus accounted most of the P export under corn/rapeseed rotation and vegetable fields,indicating erosion control is the most effective way to reduce phosphorus losses from upland.Distinct seasonal pattern of phosphorus losses was observed,with 60.9%~84.7% of annual phosphorus loss whcih happened during monsoon and typhoon season(from June to September).For the paddy field under rapeseed/rice rotation,phosphorus was mainly exported with runoff and drainage water.Annual P losses were mainly affected by the amount of precipitation and its coincidence with fertilization.Three rainfall events immediately following fertilization accounted as high as 70% of the annual P export. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural nonpoint source pollution land use erosion plot overland runoff nutrient losses |
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