Use of photoelectron energy spectrum transfer equation for the measurement of a narrowband XUV pulse |
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Authors: | YuCheng Ge HaiPing He |
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Institution: | School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China |
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Abstract: | To study the time evolution of a molecular state in an ultra-fast chemical reaction, the use of shorter pulses with higher
photon energy and narrower bandwidth for both pump and probe is necessary. However, quick and precise measurement of their
detailed time structures is a challenge. Over the last decade, great efforts have been made to measure an attosecond extreme
ultraviolet (XUV) pulse. To date, several methods have been developed to measure the pulse duration and completely reconstruct
it. The attosecond spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction (SPIDER) and attosecond frequency-resolved
optical gating (FROG) techniques are often used. However, these methods use state-of-the-art experimental set-ups and complicated
data analysis procedures. To develop attosecond metrology for practical use (e.g. timing, measurement, evaluation, calibration,
optimization, pumping, probing), we propose a quick and analytical method to precisely observe an attosecond XUV pulse with
laser-assisted photo-ionization. The method is based on determining the laser-related phase of each streaked electron and
using a transfer equation for one-step pulse reconstruction without any time-resolved measurements, iterative calculations,
or data fitting procedures. Temporal errors of the pulse reconstruction are calculated from the XUV bandwidth. Because the
transfer equation establishes a direct connection between the XUV pulse properties, the crucial laser parameters (peak intensity,
phase, carrier envelope phase), the atomic ionization potential, and the measured photoelectron energy spectrum, we can use
it to study any one of these properties from other known information and probe the dynamic processes of an ultra-fast reaction. |
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Keywords: | attosecond measurement photoelectron energy spectrum laser phase determination method transfer equation |
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