橄榄苦苷对铅镉染毒大鼠外周血象和抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的为了研究橄榄苦苷对铅镉染毒大鼠外周血象和抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法将健康大鼠分别用铅、镉单独或铅镉联合灌服4周后,给予橄榄苦苷治疗7周,用血细胞分析仪检测血液中白细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、血小板数目和血红蛋白质量含量等指标,用比色法检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性及丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量。结果与正常对照组比较,铅、镉单独或铅镉联合染毒均使大鼠血液中白细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞数目显著升高,血红蛋白质量含量和血小板的数目等指标、血清SOD、CAT活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高,其中铅镉联合染毒较铅、镉单独使血液上述指标变化更明显。用橄榄苦苷进行治疗后,大鼠血液中白细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞数目显著降低,血红蛋白质量含量和血小板的数目等指标、血清中SOD、CAT活性显著升高,MDA含量显著降低。结论铅、镉引起血液生化指标和抗氧化酶活性的改变是重金属造成机体损伤的主要机制之一。橄榄苦苷能改善血液生化指标,提高抗氧化能力,对血液系统有一定的保护及修复作用。

EFFECT OF OLEUROPEIN ON PERIPHERAL HEMOGRAM AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY IN LEAD AND CADMIUM EXPOSED RATS

Objective: To study the effect of oleuropein on peripheral hemogram and antioxidant enzyme activity in lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposed rats. Methods: Healthy rats were done with intragastric administration with Pb, Cd alone or combination for four weeks and then treated with oleuropein for seven weeks. The indexes of the number of leucocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelet and hemoglobin concentration were measured by hematology analyzer. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected by spectrophotometry. Results: Compared with normal group, administration of Pb or Cd respectively or combined significantly increased the number of cells like leucocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils, decreased the hemoglobin concentration and number of platelet as well as the activities of SOD and CAT, while increased MDA content. The changes of above indexes were more significant in Pb or Cd-treated alone than those in Pb and Cd co-administrated blood. However, after oleuropein administration, the number of cells like leucocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils were significantly decreased, the hemoglobin concentration and number of platelet as well as the activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content reduced. Conclusion: Pb and Cd induced some changes in the peripheral hemogram, and antioxidant enzyme activity were considered as a primary mechanism of heavy metals toxicity. Oleuropein was effective in improving the bichemical indexes of blood and enhancing antioxidant capacity, and then had a certain protection and restoring effect on blood system.