炭纤维复合材料应用于汽车后背门的设计与优化

以某SUV纯电动汽车的后背门为研究对象,利用有限元优化设计方法,以T300牌号炭纤维复合材料代替钢对汽车后背门进行轻量化的重新设计,通过自由尺寸优化、尺寸优化和铺层次序优化三个阶段对后背门炭纤维复合材料的铺层进行优化,并对优化后的炭纤维后背门各项性能参数进行分析。结果表明,相对于原钢制后背门,优化后的炭纤维后背门的扭转刚度、弯曲刚度、侧向刚度、扭转模态频率和弯曲模态频率等性能指标均得到不同程度的提升,且质量由原来的16.70kg降至8.32kg,减重率达到50.2%,轻量化效果明显。

Design and optimization of automobile back door of carbon fiber composites

Taking the back door of a pure electric sports utility vehicle (SUV) as the research object and using finite-element optimization programming method, this paper carried out the lightweight redesign of the automobile back door by replacing the steel material with T300 carbon fiber composite material. The laminations of carbon fiber composite were optimized by three steps:free size optimization, size optimization and lamination sequence optimization. At the same time, the performance parameters of the optimized carbon fiber back door were analyzed. The results show that the torsional stiffness, bending stiffness, lateral stiffness, torsional modal frequency and bending modal frequency of the optimized carbon fiber back door are improved when compared with the original steel back door. The mass is reduced from 16.70 kg to 8.32 kg with the weight loss rate reaching 50.2%, and the lightweight effect is obvious.