另眼看默顿科学社会学

在默顿科学社会学的发展过程中,马克思主义哲学不仅是其思想资源之一,而且充当了某种理论参照系的作用;同时,默顿科学社会学强调科学的自主存在和发展,对于马克思主义哲学强调科学依赖经济需要和物质生产的观点,既是一种"反调",也是一种有益的补充.默顿科学社会学关于科学制度的研究是开创性的.这种研究看到了马克思主义哲学没有看到的关于科学社会本性的许多内容,极大地丰富了马克思主义哲学的科学观.

A New Approach to the Sociology of Science of Merton

The sociology of science of Robert K. Merton takes Marxist philosophy not only as a theoretical source, but also as a theoratical reference system. Meanwhile, the sociology of science of Merton emphasizes the relative independence of science, which is reverse and complementary to Marxist philosophy which emphasizes that science depends upon economy and society. The researches of the system of science by the sociology of science of Merton is initiative,which notices what has been ignored by Marxist philosophy about the social nature of science and enriches greatly the view of science of Marxism, Furthermore, the research of the sociology of science of Merton on social relation inside scientific circle and on small society of science has formed a wallop to the concept of productive relation and the view of society in Marxist philosophy.