环境友好型阻燃剂的制备与应用

环境友好型阻燃剂——含多羟基取代的六氯环三磷腈衍生物经IR及31P NMR结构表征,确定六氯环三磷腈(HCCP)与季戊四醇(PER)发生了取代反应.研究了原料配比、溶剂以及反应时间对阻燃剂产率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:物质的量比n(HCCP)∶n(PER)=1∶5,以四氢呋喃为溶剂反应24 h,产率达76.45%.采用垂直燃烧法测试了该阻燃剂的阻燃性能.结果显示,阻燃剂浓度达到30%以上可实现续燃时间及阴燃时间均为0 s、残炭率40%的良好阻燃效果.为提高此阻燃剂在纺织品上的附着力,将制备的环境友好型阻燃剂作为磷氮系阻燃剂与硅丙乳液乳液共混,应用于棉织物的阻燃整理,并研究了共混后阻燃剂含量对棉布耐搓洗性和阻燃性的影响,确定了阻燃剂的最佳含量为30%.

Synthesis and Application of Environmental Friendly Fire Retardant

Environment-friendly flame retardants, cyclotriphosphazene derivatives, were synthesized and characterized by IR spectra and 31P-NMR, and proved that the cyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) was substituted with pentaerythritol (PER). The influence of ratio of raw materials, solvent and reaction time were systematically investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were determined as n(HCCP)∶〖KG-*2/3〗n(PER)=1∶〖KG-*2/3〗5, tetrahydrofuran as solvent, reaction for 24 h, and the yield was up to 7645%. Vertical combustion method was used to test the flame retardant properties of the flame retardant, the results show that continued burning time and smoldering time are 0 s when the concentration of flame retardants was up to 30% and the char yield 40%. In order to improve the adhesion of the flame retardants in textiles, mixed environment-friendly flame retardants and silicone acrylic emulsion were applied on cotton fabrics finishing. Based on the trends of scrub-resistant performance and the retardant properties of the sample, the best ratio of flame retardants and silicone acrylic emulsion was 3∶〖KG-*2/3〗7.