无花果栽培品种遗传多样性分析及SSR指纹图谱构建

【目的】近几年国内引进了很多的无花果新品种,但是仅依靠表型性状不能准确地区分相似品种,因此从DNA分子水平上进行无花果品种的分类和鉴定。【方法】利用SSR分子标记技术对30个无花果品种进行遗传多样性分析和DNA指纹图谱构建。【结果】7对SSR引物在30个无花果品种中共扩增得到了24条清晰条带,平均观察等位基因数(N_a)为3.43、有效等位基因数(N_e)为3.025 6、Shannon信息指数(I)为1.126 6,多态性信息含量指数(PIC)变化从0.682 8到0.892 5,平均为0.816 4。遗传相似系数在0.291 7～1.000 0之间,平均相似系数为0.629 4,表明实验的品种间存在差异。在相似系数为0.59时将30个无花果品种分为4类。同时构建了30个无花果品种的SSR指纹图谱。【结论】基于SSR分子标记技术建立起来的无花果指纹图谱能够有效区分无花果相似品种,可以为无花果新品种的选育和品种鉴定提供科学依据。

Genetic diversity analysis and fingerprint construction of fig(Ficus carica Linn.)cultivars by SSR markers

【Objective】In recent years, with numbers of new fig(Ficus caria Linn.)cultivars have been introduced in China, it is necessary to classify and identify fig cultivars from the DNA molecular level. 【Method】We analyzed the genetic diversity and constructed DNA fingerprint of 30 fig cultivars by simple sequence repeat(SSR)molecular marker technology, which provided the scientific basis for the classification and identification of fig cultivars.【Results】The 24 fragments were generated from 7 pairs of SSR primers. The average of N_a, N_e, and Shannon information index(I)were 3.43, 3.025 6, and 1.126 6, respectively. The polymorphic information content(PIC)values ranged from 0.682 8 to 0.892 5, with a mean of 0.816 4. The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.291 7 to 1.000 0, and the average similarity coefficient was 0.629 4, indicating differences between the 30 fig cultivars. And thirty fig cultivars were divided into four categories when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.59.【Conclusion】This fingerprinting experiment based on the SSR molecular markers distinguished similar cultivars and provided scientific basis for breeding and identification of new fig cultivars.