分布式光纤声波地震波勘探技术

随着常规和易采油气资源日渐减少，勘探开发复杂地质油气资源，对降低我国油气对外依存度,保障国家能源安全发挥着越来越重要的作用。复杂地质油气藏具有储层更薄、更深，非均质性更强等特性，现有地震波检测技术难以实现有效勘探。设计了一种用于油气地震波勘探开发的分布式光纤声波监测系统，使用光缆作为传感器来检测声音信号，采用基于背向瑞利散射的相位调制解调技术，实现了10 m的空间分辨率、-145.35 dB的声压灵敏度的测试，并进行了地震弹炮实地勘探，完成了地震波信号采集处理，获得了清晰的地层反演信息。

Distributed optical fiber acoustic seismic wave exploration technology

As conventional and easy-to-extract oil and gas resources are declining, the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources in complex geological areas will play an increasingly important role in reducing our country′s dependence on foreign oil and gas and ensuring national energy security. Oil and gas reservoirs in complex geological areas have the characteristics of thinner, deeper, and stronger heterogeneity. Effective exploration is difficult to achieve using the existing seismic wave detection technology. In this paper, a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system for oil and gas seismic wave exploration and exploitation is designed. An optical cable is used as the sensor to detect the sound signal. Phase modulation/demodulation technology based on Rayleigh backscattering is adopted in a sound pressure sensitivity test that achieved a spatial resolution of 10 m and -145.35 dB. Further, field seismic exploration was conducted, seismic wave signal acquisition and processing were completed, and clear stratum information was obtained.