载人航天器组合体CO2分压控制策略分析

随着载人航天技术的发展,载人航天器由单舱段构型逐渐发展成为多舱段组合体构型,其中一个或若干个舱段在舱间通风的支持下对组合体密封舱内空气环境进行集中控制。利用多学科建模工具Ecosimpro建立了载人航天器组合体CO2分压控制计算模型,对载人航天器组合体组建过程中,各舱CO2分压水平进行了分析。当舱段数达到3个以上,将会出现非主控舱CO2分压超标现象。针对CO2分压超标现象,提出了3种控制策略:提高全部舱间通风量、更改CO2控制系统位置、提高部分舱间通风量+更改CO2控制系统位置,并对3种控制策略的效果进行了仿真分析。结果表明,更改CO2控制系统位置并提高部分舱间通风量是最有效的载人航天器组合体CO2分压控制策略。

Analysis on control strategies of CO2 partial pressure of manned spacecraft assemble with multi-cabins

As manned space technology develops, manned spacecrafts are developed from single cabin to combination of several cabins in orbit. The air environment of manned spacecraft combination is usually controlled by one or several cabins with support of inter-cabin ventilation. In this paper, a calculating model of CO2 partial pressure control system of manned spacecraft combination has been developed with the interdisciplinary tool of Ecosimpro. Using this simulation model, CO2 partial pressure of every cabin has been analyzed during the assembling process. According to the results, when the number of cabins is up to three, CO2 partial pressure of cabins without CO2 control system is beyond the upper limit. Three control strategies are proposed to optimize CO2 partial pressure, among which the first one is increasing inter cabin ventilation flux, the second one is varying location of CO2 partial pressure control system, and the third one is the collection of the two forementioned ones. Simulation has been carried out for the three strategies, which testifies the third strategies is the most effective one.