观众效应对网球训练的影响

观众效应是运动心理学关注的一个热点问题．以浙江师范大学行知学院体育专业的36名从未接触过网球的新生为被试，通过3个月的网球教学训练，检验观众效应对其训练阶段的影响．结果表明：1）正手原地击球、反手原地击球和正反手移动击球的阶段主效应显著；发球阶段主效应接近显著，即后期阶段的训练效果好于早期阶段．2）正反手移动击球训练的“有无观众”与“训练阶段”的交互作用显著，F=34．596，P〈0．01；3）“有无观众”与“训练阶段”的交互作用可以作为检测网球动作技能掌握熟练程度的指标．因此，在网球训练特别是动作技能基本熟练掌握后的训练中应该注重观众效应对训练效果的影响，充分利用观众效应的促进作用，避免观众效应的消极作用．

The research of audience effect in tennis training

Audience effect was one of hot topics in sport psychology. 36 participants Xingzhi institute in Zhejiang Normal University, who never learned tennis, accepted , majoring in sport from tennis training in three months. It was explored the effect of audience on training sessions. The results showed ： 1 ） The main effects on forehand stroke, backhand stroke and mobile forehand and backhand stroke were significant, the main effect on service was close to significant; 2） The significant interaction between audience and training sessions on mobile forehand and backhand stroke training, F = 34. 596, P 〈 0.01 ; 3 ） Interaction between audience and training sessions could be an indicator as detection of motor skills to master tennis proficiency. So it was sug- gested pay attention to the audience effect in tennis training, especially in mastery of motor skills after basic training, and make the best of facilitation of audience effect to avoid the negative influence.