杭州市和睦湿地农田蔬菜中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni污染评价及富集特性研究

就杭州市和睦湿地农田土壤不同蔬菜中Cu、Zn、Ph、Cd、Cr和Ni污染状况及富集特性进行了研究．结果表明，所检6种蔬菜的茎叶和根系中平均含Cu量、含zn量以及含Cd量均未超标，而Pb含量远远超过了限量标准．从单项污染指数看，各蔬菜（雪菜、芥菜、大白菜、小白菜、蚕豆、萝卜茎叶中Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni均达清洁水平．但是，6种蔬菜的茎叶及根系中Pb污染均达重度污染程度．从综合污染指数看，6种蔬菜茎叶及根系重金属污染程度均属于重度污染，且各蔬菜茎叶的综合污染指数大小顺序为：蚕豆〉萝卜〉芥菜〉小白菜〉大白菜〉雪菜．不同蔬菜茎叶及根系对重金属的富集能力大小顺序均为Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Cd，各蔬菜茎叶对重金属Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Cd多为轻度富集，而对Pb则多为中度富集和高度富集，且不同蔬菜茎叶Pb富集系数大小顺序为：蚕豆〉萝卜〉芥菜〉小白菜〉大白菜〉雪菜，故和睦湿地农田土壤及蔬菜中的Pb污染应引起重视．

Pollution Evaluation and Enrichment Characteristics of Heavy Metals in the Farmland Vegetables in Hemu Wetland

The paper studied the heavy metal （Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni） pollution and enrichment characteristics in the farmland vegetables in Hemu wetland. The results showed that although Cu, Zn, Cd contents in both shoots and roots of 6 kinds of sample vegetables didn＇t exceed the standards, Ph content far exceeded the limit standard. Single pollution index evaluation showed that Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni contents in the shoots of all sample vegetables reached the clean level except Pb content which reached severe pollution level. Integrated pollution index showed that both shoots and roots were polluted severely with the order as broad bean, radish, mustard, cabbage, Chinese cabbage and mustard. The enrichment ability of different heavy metals was ordered as Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr and Cd in both shoots and roots of all vegetables, and more mild enrichment was found for Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd in shoots, whereas Pb was more moderately or highly enriched. Moreover, the enrichment coefficient of Pb in vegetables was followed as broad bean, radish, mustard, cabbage, Chinese cabbage and mustard, thus, Pb pollution in the farmland vegetables in Hemu wetland should be paid more attention.