基于铁路运输限界的特种车辆最优包络型面研究

特种车辆使用铁路线路机动运输时，由于受到铁路基本轮廓限界和动态转向安全性的影响，导致其外形及合成质心必须满足铁路运输限界的要求。开展了特种车辆的总体设计边界研究，建立数学模型并计算了按外形居中和质心居中等不同装载方式下整车三维型面设计形状和尺寸范围，构建了能够适应多种装载方式的最大立体包络型面。通过对质心高度包络域的研究，得出60~70 t规模的特种车辆质心高度不应超出1284~1213 mm，为特种车辆外形及质心优化设计提供了技术支撑。

Optimal envelopment configuration of special vehiclesbased on railway boundaries

Because of the influence of the basic railwayboundaries and security requirements of dynamic turning, the configuration andcomplex centroid of special vehicles in rail transportation must satisfy the railwayboundaries. Focusing on these problems, the boundary design of special vehicleswas studied in this article.A mathematical model was derived to calculate thedesign shape and dimension range of the three-dimensional configuration,including profile- or centroid-centered loading.The largest three-dimensionalenvelopment configuration for multiple loading modes was designed. Moreover,throughthe study of the centroid height envelopment area, it was concluded that thecentroid height of vehicles between 60 t and 70 t should not exceed 1284~1213mm, thereby providing a basis for the optimal configuration and centroid forvehicle design.