发动南北战争的小妇人--论《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的历史地位

19世纪中期,作为美国的废奴主义文学代表作的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》,不仅以其“强烈的感染力”成为美国文学宝库中的力作,在美国文学史殿堂中具有较高的文学价值,而且更因为这部小说无情揭露了南方奴隶制度的残暴,激发了全美人民的正义之情,吹响了反对奴隶制度的号角,促使南北矛盾日趋尖锐,直至1861年内战的爆发,推进了美国第二次资产阶级革命。因此,从这个意义上说,《汤姆叔叔的小屋》这部文学著作具有着独特的历史地位。也许,当年美国总统亚拉伯罕·林肯把斯托夫人赞誉为“发动南北战争的小妇人”。正是出于这种缘故。

A Little Lady-Starter of the Civil War of America__Historic Position of Uncle Tom′s Cabinet

In the nineteenth century, as the representative work of abolishment of slavery system of American literature, Uncle Tom's Cabinet not only becomes a major piece of writing of American literature but it has quite high literature value. Particularly, the novel mercilessly disclosed the cruelty of slavery system in North America and it aroused Americans feelings of justice and movement against anti-slavery system, which caused intense conflict between the North and the South until the break of the Civil War in 1861. The war advanced the second America capitalistic revolution. Therefore, Uncle Tom's Cabinet has a unique historic position. Perhaps, it was one of reasons Why American President Abraham Lincoln described Mrs Suto as a little lady-starter of the Civil War of America.