采用Rényi多样性曲线法评价昆嵛山林下灌草层多样性排序效果

采用Rényi多样性曲线对昆嵛山不同林分类型和不同立地特征所代表的林下灌草层多样性进行排序,评价其应用效果。结果表明,物种累计曲线分析显示实际采到的物种占全部物种数(估计值(ACE)=131.26)的92.9%,表明抽样充分。方差分析表明,除了不同林分类型的Shannon指数(F=4.665,p=0.002)和Simpson指数(F=2.465,p=0.044)有显著差异外,不同海拔、坡位、坡度以及土壤厚度的灌草多样性各个指标,如物种丰富度、Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数等均无显著差异。Rényi多样性曲线排序明确显示针叶树-杂木林和阔叶林林下灌草层多样性较其他5种林分类型(黑松林、赤松林、赤松-黑松混交林、日本落叶松/刺杉、针叶树-麻栎林)的高,而这5种林分的灌草层多样性曲线相互交错。从立地条件来看,低海拔(<200 m)、下坡位、缓坡(坡度0°～10°)的灌草多样性明显偏低;土壤厚度>5 cm和土壤厚度在1～3 cm的灌草多样性曲线处于其他3个土壤厚度梯度的下方。因此,Rényi多样性曲线在反映群落多样性指标方面更加直观。

Assessment of shrub and herb diversity ordering by Rényi diversity profiles for Kunyushan Forest Reserve

In this paper,Rényi diversity profiles were used to order communities in diversity of shrub and herb among stand types and site conditions from 40 permanent plots set by Kunyushan Ecosystem Station and assess the efficiency of this approach.Sample species accounted 92.9% of total species in the reserve with an ACE value of 131.26.Analysis of species accumulation curves indicated that samples were statistically sufficient for analysis.ANOVA analysis suggested that shrub and herb diversity indices under various elevations,slope positions,slope gradients and soil depths were not significantly different,however that Shannon-Winner index(F=4.665,p=0.002)and Simpson index(F=2.465,p=0.044) were significantly different in various stand types.Rényi diversity profiles also indicated that,by having consistently higher profiles than other stand types,broadleaved stands and conifer-broadleaved mixed stands appeared to have higher species diversity,while the other five stand types,i.e.Pinus thunbergii stands,P.densiflora stands,P.thunbergii-P.densiflora mixed stands,Larix kaempfer/Cunninghamia lanceolata stands,conifer-Quercus acutissima mixed stands,could not be ordered in diversity with one another as they had corresponding diversity profiles that intersected.On the other hand,site conditions had obvious effect on diversity.Plots at lower elevation,lower slope position and gradient,soil depth>5 cm and ranging 1-3 cm,had lower species diversity.Thus,Rényi diversity profiles were more intuitive to display some detailed differences of species diversity in communities than that which can not be distinguished by other analysis approaches.