脊椎动物呼吸调控机制的比较

本文对脊椎动物各类群的呼吸调控机制从呼吸的中枢控制、呼吸的化学控制和喘息与热调节三个方面进行了比较。结果是:1)脊椎动物各类群呼吸的基本中枢均位于延髓;2)哺乳类脑桥呼吸调整中枢可能与鸟类中脑喘息中枢同源;3)小脑对呼吸的调控可能是反射性的;4)丘脑下部参与呼吸调控可能与体温调节有关;5)脊椎动物各类群均具有中枢化学感受器;6)鸟类和爬行类肺内具有二氧化碳感受器,但哺乳类和两栖类无。

THE COMPARISONS OF THE RESPIRATORY CONTORL MECHANISMS BETWEEN EACH GROUP OF THE VERTEBRATES

This paper deals with comparisons of the respiratory control mechanisms between each group of the vertebrates in three respects :the central cotrol, the chemical control and the thermal panting. The results are:1) the basic respiratory centre of each class is all located in the medulla oblongata; 2)The panting centre in the midbrain of birds is probably anatomically homologus as well as physiologically analogous to the pneumotaxic centre in the mammafian pons. 3)The function of respiratory regulation of the cerebellum is probably mainly reflex activity; 4)The respiratory control function of the hypothalamns is probably relative to the thermal regulation; 5)All the c lasses of the vertebrates possess central chemical receptors; 6)The birds and the reptiles possess intrapulmonary CO2-sensitive receptors, but the mammals and amphibians do not.