乙酸乙酯加氢制乙醇催化剂的表征及性能研究

为探寻可替代粮食发酵制乙醇的新工艺，本文对实验室合成的某铜系催化剂进行了表征，并采用管式积分反应器研究了乙酸乙酯催化加氢合成乙醇的性能，系统研究了反应温度、压力、乙酸乙酯质量液时空速（LHSV）、氢酯比（以物质的量计）对乙酸乙酯转化率和乙醇选择性的影响。结果显示催化剂的主要金属元素组成为Cu、Al、Ir、Bi、Zn、Na等；催化剂的BET比表面积约为87m2/g，孔径主要集中在2~10nm；合适的还原温度区间为221~305℃。最佳催化加氢反应条件为温度210℃、压力3.0MPa、LHSV 1.0g/(g·h)、氢酯比30。在此条件下，乙酸乙酯的转化率达到97.3%，乙醇选择性达到99.4%。正交实验结果表明，各因素对乙酸乙酯转化率的影响顺序为：温度>压力>质量液时空速>氢酯比。

Characterization of a Cu-based catalyst and its performance in the hydrogenolysis of ethyl acetate to ethanol

With the aim of exploring an alternative ethanol-production technology to the traditional cereal fermentation process, a Cu-based catalyst for converting ethyl acetate (EA) to ethanol has been characterized by ICP, XRD, BET and H2-TPR and its performance evaluated in a tubular isothermal integral reactor. The metallic elements in the catalyst include Cu, Al, Ir, Bi, Zn and Na. The BET specific surface area of the catalyst is about 87m2/g and the pore diameter mainly ranges from 2 to 10nm. The H2-TPR trace shows that the appropriate reduction temperature varies from 221 to 305℃. Under the optimal reaction conditions of a temperature of 210℃, pressure of 3.0MPa, LHSV of 1.0g/(g·h) and n(H2): n(EA)=30, the ethyl acetate conversion and the selectivity for ethanol reached 97.3% and 99.4%, respectively. Based on orthogonal experiments (L9(34)) , it was found that the influence of the various factors on the ethyl acetate conversion decreases in the order temperature > pressure> LHSV>n(H2):n(EA).