马克思的社会人类学思想

马克思认为,整个人类社会的历史是人通过自己的劳动从自然界生成的历史,人通过劳动实现和确证自己“自由自觉”的本质。随着生产力的发展和分工的出现,人类进入私有制社会的发展阶段,由此带来人的劳动、人与自然、人与人关系的全面异化。但在这种否定形式的发展中,又创造了和包含着积极的成果。资本主义是人类发展史上最后一个对抗形式。现实的共产主义运动在于消灭私有制和旧式分工,实现人的彻底解放,以此标地志真正人类社会的开始。在共产主义这个联合体中,每个人才能最终实现自由全面发展。

Marx's Concept of Social Anthropology

Marx thought that history of the whole human society came into being from the nature by means of man's own labour,so man realized and proved conclusively his"free and conscious"essence.With the development of productive forces and the appearence of division of labour,man entered a stage of development in private ownership society,which brought a full scale alienation of the relations among man's labour,man and nature & man and man.However,the positive results were created and contained in the development of the negative form.Capitalism constitutes a final antagonist form in history of human development.The real communist moverment lies in abolition of private ownership and old style division of labour,and realization of man's thorough liberation,which marked the beginning of the real human society.Only in this association of communism,can everyone realize free and overall development in the end.