南水北调中线干线智慧输水调度的思考

根据智慧水利和数字孪生工程建设的相关要求,基于现代人工智能技术和水利专业知识,结合中线干线工程输水调度任务和职责,尝试提出中线干线智慧输水调度的定义和基本功能要求。在分析智能和智慧之间逻辑关系的基础上,分别从感知智能、认知智能、决策智能系统地讨论了中线干线智慧输水调度的关键技术、存在的不足和提升建议。调度感知智能方面,提出接触式与非接触式相结合、机器视觉与传统传感相结合、自动采集和人工巡查相结合的数据采集体系,构建基于多源数据融合的数据清洗方法；调度认知智能方面,提出机理研究结合数据挖掘的建模思路,分别从预报、预警、预演、预案的角度,全面总结分析输水调度关键技术和建模要求,构建前馈调控策略模型、水力模拟仿真模型、调度预报预警模型、参数自适应模型等；调度决策智能方面,提出以模拟推演为前馈、以实时监测为反馈的调控思路,建立基于滚动决策修正、实时响应的自动化输水调控策略,构建多目标优化调度模型。

Thinking on smart water dispatching in the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project

According to the relevant requirements of smart water conservancy and digital twin engineering construction, by integrating the modern artificial intelligence and water dispatching professional knowledge, the definition and basic functions of smart water dispatching for the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project are tentatively proposed in this paper combined with the tasks and responsibilities of water transportation scheduling. Through analyzing the logical relationship between intelligence and wisdom, this paper systematically discusses the key technologies, existing shortcomings, and improvement suggestions for the smart water transportation and dispatching in the middle route from the perspectives of perceptual intelligence, cognitive intelligence, and decision-making intelligence. With respect to the perception intelligence, it should be a combination of non-contact and contact measurement, a mixture of machine vision and traditional sensors, and an integration of automatic monitoring and manual inspection. Data cleaning technology is required to support the multi-source data fusion. In the cognition intelligence, a framework is suggested by integrating mechanism studying and data mining. From the perspective of prediction, early warning, rehearsal and emergency plan, the key technologies and modeling requirements of water dispatching were comprehensively analyzed, and the regulation strategy model, simulation model, prediction and early warning model, Self-adaptive model, and so on should be constructed. In terms of intelligent decision-making for the dispatch of the middle route, a regulation approach based on simulation deduction as feedforward and real-time monitoring as feedback is proposed. An automated water dispatching regulation strategy based on rolling decision correction and real-time response is established, and a multi-objective optimization dispatch model should be constructed.