湖南省农村环境友好：技术进步抑或结构调整

根据湖南省2000—2008年相关的农业数据和环保部环境污染系数,从农村污染总量以及污染度两个维度测算和衡量农村环境友好程度,运用拉氏因素分解法分别对农村环境友好进行分解,探讨技术进步和结构调整对农村环境友好的影响。分析结果表明,技术进步对环境友好的作用为正向,表现为技术进步带来农村污染总量的降低,但是在对农村污染度的降低上作用不显著;结构调整也能促进环境友好,其作用机理表现为可以降低农业污染度,但是对农村污染总量影响不明显;非农行业和畜牧业对农村污染度的影响占主导地位。只有推动农村两型技术进步,合理调整农村产业结构,发展新型产业,转变农业发展方式,才能促进农村环境的友好发展。

Study on Rural Environmental Friendship in Hunan Province:Structural Adjustment or Technical Progress

Based on relevant statistics and environment pollution coefficient of the Environment Protection Office in Hunan Prov- ince from 2000 to 2008, this paper firstly analyzes the degree of the rural environment development from the amount and degree of rural pollution. In order to explore the influence on rural environment friendship from technical progress and structural adjustment, we ap- plied method of Laplace factor decomposition to analyze the rural environment friendship. It concludes that, technical progress has a positive effect on the environment protection, which can be seen from the decrease of the total amount pollutant in rural area. However, the decrease of the total amount pollutant is not significant and is fluctuating. Structural adjustment promotes the environment protec- tion, the function mechanism shows in the decease of agricultural pollution degree and the inconspicuous influence on the total amount of the rural pollutant. And it is found that, non-agricultural industries and animal husbandry are the dominant causes to the rural pollu- tion. Therefore, we should promote the technical progress of ＂two types of society＂ in the rural areas, adjust the rural industrial struc- ture, develop new industry, and transform the agricultural development mode.