北宋科举考试与京城地区的寄应问题

北宋科举考试中,京城开封扮演了重要角色。尤其是解试中,由于开封府与国子监在解额上享有优待,吸引了大批外地举子前来寄应取解。直至神宗朝盛建太学,为广大举子进京取解开辟方便之门,开封府取解的特殊优势才被取代,太学也由此成为京城地区集聚士子的中心。

The Role of Kaifeng in the Imperial Examination in the Northern Sung Dynasty

During the Northern sung, Kaifeng, the capital, played an important role in the imperial examination. Because the literati of Kaifeng natives and the students of the Directorate of Education had privileges in quotas of provincial selection, a lot of aspirants from elsewhere were attracted to the Capital. They tried to establish residence in Kaifeng in order to take provincial examination or to get the entry certificate of the Directorate of Education. Finally, the creation of Imperial University not only provided literati from humble backgrounds access to take examinations in the Capital but also curtailed the privilege of Kaifeng natives in thelate eleventh century. Then Imperial University became the center of gathering the intelligentsia.