单个大气超细颗粒物源特征的同步辐射光源X射线探针初步研究

研究了单个大气超细颗粒分析靶样的制备方法, 在美国阿贡国家实验室APS同步光源的13-ID-C试验站, 用束斑为2 μm的X射线探针分析了不同污染源超细颗粒物, 得到了单个超细颗粒物的特征X射线谱. 实验结果表明, 来自不同污染源的超细单颗粒具有不同的特征X射线能谱. 这为单颗粒分析方法识别大气超细颗粒物来源提供了依据. 超细含铅颗粒物的分析暗示, 大气颗粒物中的铅污染是多源的, 除燃烧加铅汽油外, 燃煤和钢铁工业也是大气铅污染的排放源. 来自燃煤排放的超细颗粒分析提示, 燃煤超细颗粒物对人体健康具有更大的潜在危害.

Preliminary study of the individual ultrafine aerosol particles using a synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe

The method of sample preparation of individual ultrafine aerosol particles was developed in this work. The synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe (μ-SXRF) at 13-ID-C beamline of the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, US, has been applied to analyze individual ultrafine aerosol particles from different emission sources. The beam size was 2 μm for this μ-SXRF. The results of this analysis show that the typical μ-SXRF spectra of the individual ultrafine aerosol particles emitted from different sources have their characteristics. The analysis of individual Pb-containing particles suggests that the coal combustion and metallurgic emissions are emission sources of atmospheric lead pollution besides the leaded gasoline combustion. The analysis of individual particles emitted from coal combustion implies that the ultrafine particles emitted from the coal combustion are severe harm to human health.