科技语篇中词汇隐喻与语法隐喻的功能研究

科技语篇中存在着大量的词汇隐喻和语法隐喻,这些科学隐喻不仅成功地弥补了科学理论直陈的缺陷,而且极大地拓宽了科学信息思考的空间。词汇隐喻的功能体现在两个方面:(1)对科学术语进行阐释;(2)使科学知识通俗化,构建人际互动平台。语法隐喻的功能体现在三个方面:(1)提升科技语篇的劝说功能,增强科技语篇的理性色彩和客观性;(2)影响读者的态度和行动,发挥重要的人际功能;(3)满足礼貌原则,加强多声协商的可能性,促进语篇的进一步构建。词汇隐喻和语法隐喻在科技语篇中所发挥的功能不同,两者都是普及科学知识的重要手段。

Research on Functions of Lexical and Grammatical Metaphors in Scientific Readings in English

There exist a large number of lexical and grammatical metaphors in scientific readings in English,through which scientific workers successfully fill in the gap caused by directly declaring scientific theories to the readers and immensely broaden their vision of thinking on scientific information.The function of lexical metaphors lies in two aspects,such as defining and interpreting scientific terminologies and making them understandable and liked by people in general so as to provide a platform for interactions between scientists and readers.The function of grammatical metaphors includes the following three points.Firstly,they enhance scientific readings’ persuasive function and increase their rationality and objectivity.Secondly,they exert influence upon readers’ attitude and action and perform their important interpersonal function.Thirdly,they satisfy politeness principle and strengthen the possibility of negotiation between various sides.Though lexical metaphors and grammatical ones play different roles in scientific readings,both of them are significant means through which scientific knowledge can be popularized.