维科《新科学》之历史划分体系研究

维科的《新科学》借用古埃及人的划分体系将人类分为神的时代、英雄时代和人的时代,尽管程度不同,但构建这一体系的主体都是“人“。每个时代的内容都很纷繁复杂,但却都以13个特征为表征,且在这13个特征之下,有一条暗线即人类理性发展的程度将三个时代区分开来。最后,社会并没有在第三个时代止步,而是以螺旋式上升的态势继续向前发展。

On the Historical Division System in New Science by Vico

The history was divided into the age of god,hero and human being by the ancient Egyptians,which was utilized by Vico.Although there are different degrees between the beings of the three periods,the main body is human in the system.Each time's content is very complex,but they all take 13 characteristics as the attribute,and under these 13 characteristics there is a dark line namely the degree of human rationality's development which separates out the three times.Finally,the society didn't halt in the third time,but continued to develop forward by spiral loop's situation.