带有需求信息更新点决策的供应链协调模型

首次提出了带有需求信息更新时间点决策的Newsvendor型产品供应链协调问题.在假定制造商采取两生产模式以应对销售商两次不同订购的前提下,分别建立集中和分散决策系统下供应链各成员的利润模型,同时设计了协调契约以实现供应链的协调运作.最后,利用数值仿真得出了一些重要的管理启示.通过研究发现:1)随着需求信息更新点逐渐靠近销售期,制造商的第一次生产量将逐渐增大,但第二次生产量则逐渐减小;2)需求信息更新点决策能够提高供应链的整体运作绩效;随着外部环境的不确定性增大,销售商会延迟需求信息更新时点并且会降低其第一次订购量,而制造商却会提高其第一阶段的生产量,也即制造商的投机行为更加强烈.

Supply chain coordination model with time point decision of demand information updating

This paper presents a supply chain coordination model for Newsvendor-type products with updating moment decision of demand information.The expected profit models of supply chain members for centralizedand decentralized decision systems are respectively developed under the assumption that the manufacturer adopts two production modes in response to the buyer’s two different orders,and the contracts are proposed to realize the coordination of the supply chain.Finally,numerical examples are presented to illustrate the model and some management insights are put forward as well.From the research of our model,one can obtain the following:1) As the updating moment of demand information approaches the start of the season,the firstperiod production quantity will increase,but the second-period production quantity will decrease;2) Updating moment decision of demand information can increase the performance of the supply chain system.As the uncertainty of environment increases,the buyer will delay the updating moment of demand information and simultaneously decreases her first order quantity;whereas the manufacturer will raise the production quantity of the first period,which implies that the speculative behavior of the manufacturer will become stronger.