主轴热误差的自组织补偿原理及其仿真

主轴热误差是工件加工误差的主要来源之一,针对传统补偿策略算法复杂、成本较高且通用性不强等问题,提出了一种基于自组织原理的主轴热误差补偿策略,它只需根据对主轴热倾斜状态的定性测量结果即可进行定量误差补偿,从而可以大大降低对误差测量精度的要求及测量成本,同时各补偿力间的协调关系根据自组织原则自动建立,简化了补偿算法。经过对某型加工中心主轴热误差进行的自组织仿真补偿,其主轴热倾斜误差减小了92%以上,热偏移误差减小了46%以上。

Self-organization compensation for thermally induced errors in spindles

Thermally induced errors in spindles of machine tools are the main source of machining errors. Traditional compensation solutions are complicated, with high cost and low universality. A new compensation solution for thermally induced errors in spindles was developed based on self-organization principles. In the self-organization solution, only qualitative thermal gradients in the spindle are required to quantitatively compensate for the thermal errors, which greatly reduces the precision requirements and costs of error measurements. The relations for the compensating forces were based on the self-organization principle, which simplified the compensation arithmetic. Simulation results for a typical machining center indicate that the thermal slope errors in the spindle can be reduced by more than 92% and the thermal displacements can be reduced by more than 46%.